In today’s post, we’ll highlight the essential things to help you crack a Java interview easily with little work experience. Also, you would know all those areas where you should focus to prepare and what you need.
JAVA is like an ocean. It begins with the core part of the language. It includes basic programming syntax, control flow, exceptions, classes, collections, file i/o, etc. After that, you get into the advanced level concept such as web apps basics, servlets, session handling, JSP, and so on. So, if you have less experience, then you may need to sail in the ocean to excel.
Want to Crack a Java Interview – Let’s Make it Easier!
Learn Core Java
It is the heart of the Java programming language. And you must master the underlying concepts.
Some of the must-know topics are:
- Core Java Programming Introduction of Java
- Introduction to Java; features of Java
- Download and install JDK/JRE (Environment variables set up)
- The JDK Directory Structure
- First Java Program through command prompt
- First Java Program through Eclipse
- Java Coding Guidelines
- Introduction to Java; features of Java
- Data types and Operators
- Java Datatypes (Native Types, Declarations, and Ranges)
- Variables in Java
- String Literals
- Arrays (1D/2D)
- Java ArrayList
- Methods syntax and calls
- Operators in Java
- Control Flow statements
- Statements and their various categories in Java
- Java if else (Decision Making in Java)
- Switch case in Java
- Java for loop (both flavors traditional and enhanced)
- Java while loop
- Do-while loop in Java
- Continue clause
- Break clause
- return statement
- OOPS and its application in Java
- Access Modifiers in Java
- Classes and Objects
- Interfaces in Java
- Java Abstract class
- Inheritance in Java
- Types of Inheritance
- extends and implements keywords in Java
- Superclass and Subclass
- this keyword, super keyword in Java for inheritance
- Concrete classes in Java
- Polymorphism
- Statics
- Constructors in Java
- What are Constructors?
- Properties of Constructors
- Default and Parameterized Constructors
- Rules for constructor implementation
- Constructor Chaining
- Java this vs. super call for constructors
- Exceptions in Java
- What are Exceptions?
- Need for exceptions
- How can Exceptions be coded in Java?
- API hierarchy for Exceptions
- Types of Exceptions
- Strings in Java
- Collection Framework in Java
- Generics
- Input-Output in Java
- What is the stream?
- Bytes vs. Characters
- Overview of the entire Java IO API
- Read/Write file
- Reading User input from the console
- PrintWriter Class
- Serialization in Java
- Java Inner Classes
- Java ProcessBuilder with Example
- JNA tutorial
- Threads in Java
The interviewer would likely grill you the most on the Core Java part only.
Acquire Advance Java Skills
Advanced Java includes higher-level and more complicated topics. You should only try these when you have got the basics right. Some of these concepts are as follows:
- Intro to JSP – Java Server Pages or JSP technology to connect the static HTML with the Java code for dynamic pages.
- Intro to Servlets -Servlet is a Java class. It produces dynamic content after fulfilling the user’s request. You should learn about Servlet, its lifecycle, and its methods.
- Session Management – How to handle a session by URL rewriting, using Cookies, and HttpSessiontechniques
- Filters and
- Listeners
- Hibernate
Develop Framework Knowledge
There are various readymade Java frameworks available in the market. These can help you get away with a lot of manual work.
Some of these are Hibernate and Spring frameworks (Dependency injection, AOP.JDBC, MVC). You may go through the following topics:
Hibernate Framework (version 3. x)
- Introduction
- What is the ORM principle?
- Why ORM?
- ORM implementations
- Hibernate Architecture
- Introduction to Hibernate
- Hibernate Architecture
- What are Persistent classes?
- Hibernate CRUD
- Setting up the Hibernate project
- Configuring all JARs and XML files
- Setting up a connection to DB using Hibernate
- Performing basic CRUD operations using Hibernate API
- Object Identity; Generator-type classes
- Using SQL, HQL, and Criteria queries
- Mapping Collections and Associations
- To define sets, mas, and lists in Hibernate
- Association Mappings:
- One to one
- One to many
- Many to one
- Many to many
- Hibernate Caching
- What is caching?
- What are the types of caching in Hibernate?
- Explanation of various caching mechanisms in Hibernate
- Using Hibernate Annotations (if time permits)
- Sample example of using Hibernate Annotations
Spring Framework (version 3. x)
- Intro to spring
- What is Spring?
- Spring Architecture
- Intro to all modules of spring
- Setting up spring
- Setting up of Spring framework
- Download JARs
- Configure XML files
- Dependency Injection
- What is Dependency Injection?
- How is it implemented using Spring Framework?
- Bean Wiring Mechanisms in Spring
- Spring AOP
- What is Spring AOP?
- Implementation of Spring AOP
Domain Knowledge to Crack Java Interview
The following are also essential things to understand:
- What domain are you working and what type of client,
- Which part have you programmed in the project,
- Which application server you are using and its version,
- Clarity of your role in the project.
Please also note that one step of the interview is also to check your ability to use algorithms to solve real-world issues. You can prepare this and make sure to master the standard algos and data structures.
Check out some bonus resources!
Add a few more miles to your learning expedition. Go through these posts, learn, and practice Java.
- Java Hibernate Online Practice Test for Web Developers
- Java Spring MVC Quiz for Beginners Part-1
- J2EE Online Test for Freshers – Java Programming
- Java Quiz: 20 Exception Interview Questions
- 35 Selenium Webdriver Questions
Keep learning, thanks!
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